概要：①台风山竹登陆菲律宾吕宋②热带风暴佛罗伦斯给北卡带来强降水③教皇弗兰西斯在西西里首都斥责黑手党④NASA发射新卫星旨在更多了解地球冰盾

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①台风山竹登陆菲律宾吕宋

新华社马尼拉９月１５日电（记者郑昕　袁梦晨）据菲律宾官方消息，台风“山竹”于１５日凌晨在菲律宾吕宋岛东北部登陆，已造成至少２人死亡，另有超过５００万居民受灾，约６．４万居民被迫转移避难。

据菲律宾气象局的监测，台风“山竹”于当地时间１５日凌晨１时４０分左右在菲律宾吕宋岛东北部卡加延省登陆，登陆时最大持续风力达到每小时２０５公里，中心附近最大风力达到每小时２５５公里。

据菲律宾国家减灾委员会介绍，受台风“山竹”影响，菲北部吕宋岛部分地区发生山体滑坡，截至１５日下午３时山体滑坡已造成至少２名当地居民死亡。

台风“山竹”登陆后给菲北部带来狂风暴雨，在受影响较为严重的卡加延省，不少地方民房屋顶被大风掀起，玻璃四处散落，树木也被连根拔起。此外，由于台风带来的强降雨，包括首都马尼拉在内的多个菲北部城市出现严重积水。１４日开始，菲北部一些省市出现电力和通讯中断，菲多个国际国内航班延误或被取消，菲北部多个省市宣布学校和政府非必要部门放假。


菲律宾气象局表示，台风“山竹”登陆菲律宾后强度有所减弱，截至１５日下午１时，台风“山竹”的中心已离开吕宋岛进入南海海域，预计１５日晚间至１６日凌晨，台风“山竹”将结束对菲律宾的影响。

“山竹”是今年以来第１５个登陆菲律宾的台风。作为全球台风灾害最为频发的国家之一，菲律宾每年平均遭遇约２０次台风侵袭。２０１３年超强台风“海燕”曾重创菲律宾，据官方统计当时“海燕”造成了６０００多人死亡、１７００多人失踪，数百万人受灾。




②热带风暴佛罗伦斯给北卡带来强降水

首先关注最新的天气消息。周五夜间至周六上午，已经降为热带风暴的〝佛罗伦斯〞，继续为美国南卡和北卡，带来大量降雨。截至周六上午，已经有7人遇难，超过90万户断电。

周五夜间，〝佛罗伦斯〞中心位于南卡罗莱纳州东北部，并继续缓慢地向西移动。

美国国家飓风中心警告说，尽管强度减为热带风暴，〝佛罗伦斯〞预计在未来几天内继续带来大量降雨。在南北卡东部交界地区，降雨量可高达30到40英寸。

在北卡东部城镇纽伯恩，洪水淹没了街道。

救护车因交通受阻出行困难，已经有人因心脏病发无法就医而不幸身亡。

大风还吹倒树木，许多房屋、汽车和电线受损。一对母亲和婴儿，因此在家中遇难。

目前，已有7人在飓风袭击中遇难，超过90万户人家断电。仅在北卡，就有一百万人被疏散。

树木处理专家 埃利奥特：〝真是一团糟，这是灾难性的，我的心和所有受灾家庭连在一起。〞

与此同时，肆虐亚洲的超级颱风〝山竹〞，周六在菲律宾北部短暂登陆，风速高达每小时200公里，并给当地带来洪水、泥石流。已知造成至少三人丧生，数千人疏散到临时避难所。

目前，〝山竹〞正离开菲律宾，朝中国南部移动。中国气象局估计，颱风将在周日下午或夜间登陆广东省沿岸。在福建，已有5万名渔民被疏散，1万多艘渔船回港避风。

在香港，许多业主于周六忙着灾前准备工作。香港天文台表示，〝山竹〞的风力可能超过去年的〝天鸽〞，呼吁民众在周日前完成防灾措施。




③教皇弗兰西斯在西西里首都斥责黑手党
（无相关中文新闻）

Pope Francis has appealed to Sicily’s mafia to abandon lives of crime and violence, saying the island needed “men and women of love, not men and women ‘of honour’”, using the term mobsters apply to themselves.

Speaking on Saturday in the Sicilian capital, Francis said members of organised criminal networks – many of whom go to church and worship openly – “cannot believe in God and be mafiosi” at the same time. In his appeal, he referred to them as “dear brothers and sisters”.

The pope visited Palermo to commemorate Father Giuseppe “Pino” Puglisi, a priest shot dead by mafia hitmen in 1993 after he challenged the organisation’s control over one of the city’s toughest neighbourhoods.

Puglisi was killed on his 56th birthday during a bloody mafia offensive against the state and anyone else who threatened the group’s existence. Magistrates Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino had been killed in twin bomb attacks in Palermo in 1992.

“A person who is a mafioso does not live as a Christian because with his life he blasphemes against the name of God,” Francis said in the sermon of a mass for some 80,000 people in the port area of the Sicilian capital.

The crowd interrupted with applause each time he denounced the mafia.

The Catholic church in southern Italy has had a chequered history of relations with the mob. Cardinal Ernesto Ruffini, who was archbishop of Palermo from 1945-1967, denied the mafia’s existence, considering communism the church’s biggest threat.

“I say to mafiosi: Change, brothers and sisters! Stop thinking about yourselves and your money ... Convert yourselves to the real God, Jesus Christ, dear brothers and sisters,” Francis said in his dockside sermon.

“I say to you, mafiosi, if you don’t do this, your very life will be lost and that will be your greatest defeat,” he said.

“Today, we need men and women of love, not men and women of honour; men and women of service, not of oppression.”

Later, on his way to the airport, Francis made an unscheduled stop to pray and lay flowers at the spot on the highway where Falcone, his wife and three police agents were blown up as their motorcade passed on 23 May, 1992.




④NASA发射新卫星旨在更多了解地球冰盾
（无相关中文新闻）

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (AP) — A NASA satellite designed to precisely measure changes in Earth's ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice and vegetation was launched into polar orbit from California early Saturday.

A Delta 2 rocket carrying ICESat-2 lifted off from Vandenberg Air Force Base at 6:02 a.m. and headed over the Pacific Ocean.

NASA Earth Science Division director Michael Freilich says that the mission in particular will advance knowledge of how the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica contribute to sea level rise.

The melt from those ice sheets alone has raised global sea level by more than 1 millimeter (0.04 inch) a year recently, according to NASA.

The mission is a successor to the original Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite that operated from 2003 to 2009. Measurements continued since then with airborne instruments in NASA's Operation IceBridge.

Built by Northrop Grumman, ICESat-2 carries a single instrument, a laser altimeter that measures height by determining how long it takes photons to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and back. According to NASA, it will collect more than 250 times as many measurements as the first ICESat.

The laser is designed to fire 10,000 times per second, divided into six beams of hundreds of trillions of photons. The round trip is timed to a billionth of a second.

In addition to ice, the satellite's other measurements, such as the tops of trees, snow and river heights, may help with research into the amount of carbon stored in forests, flood and drought planning and wildfire behavior, among other uses.

The launch was the last for a Delta 2 rocket, United Launch Alliance said.

The first Delta 2 lifted off on Feb. 14, 1989, and since then it has been the launch vehicle for Global Positioning System orbiters, Earth observing and commercial satellites, and interplanetary missions including the twin Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity.

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